Next the politacal takeover of Hitler, because we all know that the takeover of Hitler in Germany contributed greatly to the war. During the s, attempts were made to achieve a stable peace. The first was the establishment of the League of Nations as a forum in which nations could settle their disputes. At the Washington Conference of , the principal naval powers agreed to limit their navies according to a fixed ratio. The Locarno Conference produced a treaty guarantee of the German-French boundary and an arbitration agreement between Germany and Poland.
In the s, however, the wave of the future appeared to be a form of nationalistic, militaristic totalitarianism known by its Italian name, fascism. Benito Mussolini established the first Fascist, European dictatorship during the inter war period in Italy in In the early s, the Great Depression hit Germany. The moderate parties could not agree on what to do about it, and large numbers of voters turned to the Nazis and Communists.
In Hitler became the German Chancellor, and in a series of subsequent moves established himself as dictator. As dismantlers of the world status quo, the Japanese were well ahead of Hitler. They used a minor clash with Chinese troops near Mukden, also known as the Mukden or Manchurian crisis, in as a pretext for taking over all of Manchuria, where they proclaimed the puppet state of Manchukuo in In they occupied the main Chinese ports.
Having denounced the disarmament clauses of the Versailles Treaty, created a new air force, and reintroduced conscription, Hitler tried out his new weapons on the side of right-wing military rebels in the Spanish civil war This venture brought him into collaboration with Mussolini who was also supporting the Spanish revolt after having seized Ethiopia in a small war.
This pact denounced communism and it showed their unity in the matter. The Axis thereafter became the collective term for those countries and their allies. Hitler launched his own expansionist drive with the annexation of Austria in March The U.
In September Hitler threatened war to annex the western border area of Czechoslovakia, the Sudetenland and its 3. Less than six months later, in March , Hitler seized the remainder of Czechoslovakia. France already had a mutual defense treaty with Poland.
The turn away from appeasement brought the Soviet Union to the fore. Joseph Stalin, the Soviet dictator, had offered military help to Czechoslovakia during the crisis, but had been ignored by all the parties to the Munich Agreement. Now that war threatened, he was courted by both sides, but Hitler made the more attractive offer. Allied with Britain and France, the Soviet Union might well have had to fight, but all Germany asked for was its neutrality.
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The Blackout. The treaty placed strict limits on the size of the German armed force, which Hitler quickly breached. In German forces marched in to take the Rhineland, territory that they had previously lost. The Germans continued their militaristic territorial expansion, first going into Austria then Czechoslovakia.
The British and the French governments declared that if Hitler invaded Poland, they would have no choice but to declare war. He was wrong. The Germans invaded Poland on the 1 st of September , and war in Europe had officially begun signifying the failure of appeasement and the start of World War 2.
The League was the first permanent organization which had the primary mission of keeping the peace world-wide. The means to prevent wars was to be through collective disarmament and solving disputes through arbitration and if need-be, economic sanctions. Between September and February , the league had a maximum of 58 member states. Notably, the United States and Germany were not members of the League.
Unfortunately, during the build-up to the start of World War 2, the League proved insufficient in preventing the aggression by Japan and Germany in the s. Some of the reasons for this failure include: not all countries in the world were members, the League did not have a dedicated army or armed forces, and it relied on the member nations to enforce economic sanctions. Bell, P. Yehuda Bauer, Last Viewed: 15 January
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