Large intestine. Small intestine. None of the above. The movement of solute particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration through a permeable membrane is known as simple diffusion. Through this process, monosaccharides like glucose, ions like fluoride and chlorides and amino acids are transported into the bloodstream, on the basis of the concentration gradient between the membranes.
This is the first step in the mechanism of absorption of digested food. The process by which solute particles move from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy, such as ATP, is known as active transport. It is the active movement of solute particles across a permeable biological membrane, that is aided by specific groups of carrier proteins.
Facilitated transport helps to carry digested molecules like amino acids, sugars and glucose into the bloodstream. The movement of solute particles across a permeable cell membrane without using any energy is known as passive transport.
This is the final step in the absorption of food. Post digestion, simple and soluble food particles are absorbed into the bloodstream through the process of passive transport.
Digested molecules like glycerol and fatty acids cannot be absorbed into the bloodstream. These molecules then attach to tiny droplets called micelles or micellar bodies. These complexes further transform into chylomicrons. Parts of your nervous and circulatory systems also help. Working together, nerves, hormones , bacteria, blood, and the organs of your digestive system digest the foods and liquids you eat or drink each day.
Digestion is important because your body needs nutrients from food and drink to work properly and stay healthy. Proteins , fats , carbohydrates , vitamins , minerals , and water are nutrients.
Your digestive system breaks nutrients into parts small enough for your body to absorb and use for energy, growth, and cell repair.
MyPlate offers ideas and tips to help you meet your individual health needs. Each part of your digestive system helps to move food and liquid through your GI tract, break food and liquid into smaller parts, or both.
Once foods are broken into small enough parts, your body can absorb and move the nutrients to where they are needed. Your large intestine absorbs water, and the waste products of digestion become stool.
Nerves and hormones help control the digestive process. Food moves through your GI tract by a process called peristalsis. The large, hollow organs of your GI tract contain a layer of muscle that enables their walls to move. The movement pushes food and liquid through your GI tract and mixes the contents within each organ. The muscle behind the food contracts and squeezes the food forward, while the muscle in front of the food relaxes to allow the food to move. Food starts to move through your GI tract when you eat.
When you swallow, your tongue pushes the food into your throat. A small flap of tissue, called the epiglottis, folds over your windpipe to prevent choking and the food passes into your esophagus.
Once you begin swallowing, the process becomes automatic. Your brain signals the muscles of the esophagus and peristalsis begins. Lower esophageal sphincter. When food reaches the end of your esophagus, a ringlike muscle—called the lower esophageal sphincter —relaxes and lets food pass into your stomach.
After food enters your stomach, the stomach muscles mix the food and liquid with digestive juices. The stomach slowly empties its contents, called chyme , into your small intestine. Small intestine. The muscles of the small intestine mix food with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver, and intestine, and push the mixture forward for further digestion.
The walls of the small intestine absorb water and the digested nutrients into your bloodstream. As peristalsis continues, the waste products of the digestive process move into the large intestine. Large intestine. Waste products from the digestive process include undigested parts of food, fluid, and older cells from the lining of your GI tract.
The large intestine absorbs water and changes the waste from liquid into stool. Peristalsis helps move the stool into your rectum. The lower end of your large intestine, the rectum, stores stool until it pushes stool out of your anus during a bowel movement. Watch this video to see how food moves through your GI tract. The small intestine is the region where digested food is absorbed. Most absorption happens in the ileum. This is the longest part of the small intestine and is between metres long.
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